There is an old technique under which printmaker artists create art using printmaking methods like lithography, intaglio, relief, screen-printing, and digital printmaking methods.
Printmaking is an inventive technique primarily based on the precept of shifting images from a matrix onto another surface, most often paper.
Traditional engraving techniques include woodcut, etching, engraving and lithography, while some new methods include screen printing. The matrix can be made out of glass, metal or wood.
The design is made on the matrix by treating its surface with tools or chemicals. The image can be transferred onto the desired surface by inking the matrix and applying controlled pressure which is mostly done using a printing press.
A mirror image of the design on the matrix is produced, and multiple copies of the same image can be made using the same matrix (not applicable for monotype prints).
Printmaking was introduced to India in 1556, almost a hundred years after the Guttenberg’s Bible was printed. Nandalal Bose popularised contemporary printmaking in India. He introduced printmaking to the students of Kala Bhavana, Shantiniketan.
Printmaking is an inventive technique primarily based on the precept of shifting images from a matrix onto another surface, most often paper. Traditional engraving techniques include woodcut, etching, engraving and lithography, while some new methods include screen printing. The matrix can be made out of glass, metal or wood
The matrix used for lino printing is linoleum. Linoleum was discovered by Fredrick Walton in 1860, who manufactured rubber.
Lino is made using linseed oil, which upon heating, becomes thick and rubbery. The design is carved into the surface using tools. The lino sheet is then inked, and a piece of paper is placed on top, which is then put under a printing press or pressure is applied by hand to transfer ink onto the paper.
The fast growth in printmaking in India occurred during the late 20th century. Somnath Hore is considered the father of modern Indian prints who trained under Krishna Reddy.
‘The Children’ by Somnath Hore (etching with aquatint) made in 1958, a monochromatic print based on the Bengal Famine. He was greatly affected by the suffering of animals and humans affected by the famine.
Hore’s other famous artworks include ‘Mother with Child’, Unclad Beggar Family and Wounded Animal.
Some famous printmakers from India include Anupam Sud, K Laxma Goud, K G Subramanyan, Jyoti Bhatt, Somnath Hore , Krishna Reddy.
Printmaking is an art medium that allows a lot of experimentation, allowing artists to express themselves as they wish to always look for new techniques and methods.